Our Quiz today

1. The two broad methods of reasoning.
2. It is the "top-down" approach of reasoning.
3. It is called the "bottom up" approach of reasoning.
4. The type of inductive reasoning which proceeds from a premise about a sample to a conclusion about the population.
5. Formal logic, as most people learn it, is deductive rather than inductive.(True or false)
6. The classic philosophical treatment of the problem of induction, meaning the search for a justification for inductive reasoning, was by the Scottish philosopher David Hume. .(True or false)
7. Inferences about the past from present evidence – for instance, as in archaeology, count as induction. (True or false)
8. A generalisation (more accurately, an inductive generalisation) proceeds from a premise about a sample to a conclusion about the population. (True or false)
9. An (inductive) analogy proceeds from known similarities between two things to a conclusion about an additional attribute common to both things(True or false)
10. A causal inference draws a conclusion about a causal connection based on the conditions of the occurrence of an effect. (True or false)
11. Inductions are open; deductions are closed. (True or false)
12. The following is a weak induction: (True or false)

All observed crows are black.
Therefore:
All crows are black.

13. This is a strong induction: (True or false)

I always hang pictures on nails.
Therefore:
All pictures hang from nails.


14. Ultimately, inductive reasoning is reliable than deduction (True or false)
15. Induction is sometimes framed as reasoning about the past to the future. (True or false)